Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the trust between People and Automation Scale (TPAS) in Chinese adults

Trust in automation plays a leading role in human-automation interaction. As there lack of scales measuring trust in automation in China, the purpose of this study was to adapt the trust between People and Automation Scale (TPAS) into Chinese and to demonstrate its psychometric properties among Chinese adults. A total of 310 Chinese adults were randomly selected as sample 1, and 508 Chinese adults as sample 2. Results of the item analysis revealed that each item had a good quality, and the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggested that the two-factor model with 12 items was the best fitting model. In addition, the TPAS was positively correlated with Interpersonal Trust Scale (ITS), proving good evidence based on relations to other variables to support the TPAS. In sum, the study suggested that the Chinese version of the TPAS could be used as an effective tool to assess trust in automation in the Chinese context.

Acciones estratégicas para la integración endógena de las funciones sustantivas universitarias desde la gestión del conocimiento / Strategic tasks for the endogenous integrality of the university substantive functions from the knowledge management

La integración de las funciones sustantivas de las universidades deviene un reto actualmente y la gestión del conocimiento constituye la misión social, la razón de ser de los diferentes centros de altos estudios, por medio de la cual logran difundir sus saberes y experiencias, así como contribuir al desarrollo socioproductivo y cultural de la colectividad. En el presente artículo se proponen acciones necesarias para endogenizar las funciones sustantivas universitarias desde ese tipo de gestión, a partir de la aplicación de métodos empíricos que permitieron conocer los criterios de educandos y docentes en relación con el problema objeto de esta investigación y revelaron a través de los resultados obtenidos,la fragmentación de los procesos sustantivos universitarios que ha estado limitando la producción del conocimiento científico en las instituciones de educación superior

The integration of the substantive functions of the universities becomes a challenge at present and the knowledge management constitutes the social mission, the reason of the different high studies institutions, by means of which they are able to diffuse their knowledge and experiences, as well as to contribute to the social, productive and cultural development of the collectivity. In this work, necessary tasks for endogenize the university substantive functions from that type of management are proposed, with the use of empiric methods that allowed to know the students and teaching staff criteria related to the object of this investigation, and they revealed through the results obtained, the fragmentation of the university substantive processes which have been limiting the production of the scientific knowledge in the higher education institutions

Acoplamentos Louco-Formiga: qual o impostergável para um corpociborgue? / Madman-Ant Linkages: which the unpostponable for a cyborgbody? / Acoplamientos Loco-Hormiga: cual lo impostergable para um cuerpocyborg?

Aportando para o campo dos estudos científicos da saúde provocações sobre o corpociborgue, o artigo traça um percurso textual inusitado para estudar a saúde na contemporaneidade. Produzindo acoplamentos do conto de ficção-científica "A Formiga Elétrica", de Philip K. Dick, com as (des)construções poéticas do Corpo-sem-Orgãos, de Antonin Artaud, apreendeu-se que, após tornar o corpo máquina, insurge impostergável um potente desejo de retorno, pois o andróide (vir-a-ser do ciborgue) luta - após atingir sua perfeição como máquina - para conquistar a vida e suas sensações (memórias, inscrições, riscos). Buscou-se pensar os movimentos de corpos (im)possíveis que se rebelam contra sua ciborguização para que a vida possa escapar: rasgos nos territórios da clínica; deslocamentos de realidade; imaginação; subversão da norma e desconstrução do controle sobre o corpo; fabulação de corpos-humanos-outros na saúde coletiva. Corpo-sem-Órgãos para outras clínicas (im)possíveis.

Contributing to the field of health scientific studies with provocations on cyborgbody, the article provides an unusual textual route to study health in contemporary society. Producing linkages between science-fiction short story "The Electric Ant" by Philip K. Dick, with the Antonin Artaud‘s poetic (dis)constructions of the Body-withoutOrgans, was apprehended that, after rendering the body as a machine, protested postponed a powerful desire of return, as the android (the cyborg becoming) struggles - after reaching its perfection as a machine - to conquer life and its sensations (memories, inscriptions, risks). Was quested to think the movements of (im)possible bodies who rebel against their cyborgzation so that life can escape: tears in the clinic territories; reality shifts; imagination; standards subversion and deconstruction of control over the body; other-human-bodies fabulation in collective health. Body-without-Organs to other (im)possible clinics.

Trayendo provocaciones al campo de los estudios científicos sobre corpociborgue, el artículo proporciona una ruta textual inusual para estudiar la salud en la sociedad contemporánea. La producción de acoplamientos del cuento de ciencia ficción "La hormiga eléctrica" de Philip K. Dick, con (des)construcciones poéticas del Cuerpo-sin- Órganos, de Antonin Artaud se aprendió que después de hacer el cuerpo máquina, surge impostergable un potente deseo de retorno, pues el androide (venir-a-ser del cyborg) lucha - después de alcanzar su perfección como máquina - para conquistar la vida y sus sentimientos (memorias, inscripciones, riesgos). Intentando pensar en los movimientos de cuerpos (im)posibles que se rebelan contra su ciborguización para que la vida puede escapar: ragos en los territorios de la clínica; deslocamiento de realidad; imaginación; subversión de la norma y deconstrucción del control sobre el cuerpo; la fabulación de cuerpos-humanos-otros en la salud colectiva. Cuerpo-sin- Órganos hacia otras clínicas (im)posibles.

Ciberespaço: uma nova configuração do ser no mundo / Cyberspace: a new configuration of being in the world / Ciberespacio: una nueva configuración del ser en el mundo

Através do movimento dialético, o homem sartriano, histórico e social, constrói sua existência. Cada era elucida a maneira como ele a manufaturou, e as posteriores revelam o projeto perseguido até então. Na Pós-Modernidade, uma nova síntese entre liberdade e facticidade é realizada: a criação do ciberespaço. Neste artigo, buscamos refletir, à luz do existencialismo sartriano, sobre o ciberespaço como o resultado de mais uma transcendência humana da facticidade que o determina, haja vista ser esse espaço virtual a objetivação de práxis que superam limites espaçotemporais, relacionais e materiais que se impõem à liberdade humana. Contudo, hoje, a Era do Conhecimento já se fez história, logo tudo que a identifica, como o ciberespaço, apresenta-se como contradição a ser superada e, a cada transcendência, novas sínteses são criadas, o que configura novos estilos de projetos de ser no mundo.

Through the dialectic movement of Sartrean man, historical and social, constructs his existence. Each age elucidates the way it was manufactured, and later reveal pursued project so far. In postmodernity a new synthesis between freedom and facticity is performed: the creation of cyberspace. In this article we examine, based on Sartre’s existentialism, about cyberspace as the result of another human transcendence of factuality that determines, virtual space as this objectification of praxis that exceed limits of spatiotemporal relational and materials confronting human freedom. But today, the Knowledge Age has already become history and all that identifies it, as cyberspace, is presented as a contradiction to overcome transcendence, new synthesis is created, establishing new styles of projects in the world.

Por medio del movimiento dialectico el hombre sartreano, histórico y social, construye su existencia. Cada era desvela la manera como él la manufacturó, y las posteriores revelan el proyecto perseguido hasta entonces. En la Posmodernidad se realiza una nueva síntesis entre libertad y facticidad: la creación del ciberespacio. En este artículo se reflexiona, con base en el existencialismo sartreano, sobre el ciberespacio como el resultado de más una trascendencia humana de la facticidad que lo determina, considerando este espacio virtual como la objetivación de praxis que superan límites espacio-temporales, relacionales y materiales que se imponen a la libertad humana. Sin embargo, hoy en día, la Era del Conocimiento ya pasó a la historia, así, todo que la identifica, como el ciberespacio, se presenta como contradicción a superar y a cada trascendencia, nuevas síntesis se crean, lo que configura nuevos estilos de proyectos de ser en el mundo.

Digitalization study of sonotubometry device / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>Sonotubometry is wildly used in developed countries, offers a easy, versatile and objective way to assess the function of Eustachian tube. The objectives of this study are to develop a low-cost digitalized device.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The digitalized sonotubometry device was made of a personal computer with sound input and output accessories. The PC sound card, connected to a signal amplifier, exported probe band noise, while feedback sound was collected by a microphone. All 36 volunteers (72 ears) were involved in the sonotubometry test with JK-04A and CHN-08, in the conditions of dry-swallowing and wet-swallowing. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 13.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The basic electroacoustic performance of the CHN-08 was acceptable. CHN-08 (7 kHz) detection and JK-04A consistency of kappa index was 0.472; CHN-08 (8 kHz) and JK-04A consistency of kappa index was 0.487; CHN-08 (7 kHz) and CHN-08 (8 kHz) consistency of kappa index was 0.688.Under the JK-04A, CHN-08 (7 kHz) and CHN-08 (8 kHz) three setups, Eustachian tube opening frequency was significantly lower for wet-swallowing than dry-swallowing, P < 0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A low-cost digitalized sonotubometry is successfully developed. Its electroacoustic performance proved acceptable by authority assessments. The detection rate of CHN-08 is in accordance with that of JK-04A moderately. The study revealed that Eustachian tube is opened more easily by dry-swallowing than by wet-swallowing.</p>

Telementoring systems in the operating room: a new approach in medical training / "Telementoring" en el quirófano: un nuevo enfoque en la formación médica

This paper discusses the challenges and innovations related to the use of telementoring systems in the operating room. Most of the systems presented leverage on three types of interaction channels: audio, visual and physical. The audio channel enables the mentor to verbally instruct the trainee, and allows the trainee to ask questions. The visual channel is used to deliver annotations, alerts and other messages graphically to the trainee during the surgery. These visual representations are often displayed through a telestrator. The physical channel has been used in laparoscopic procedures by partially controlling the laparoscope through force-feedback. While in face to face instruction, the mentor produces gestures to convey certain aspects of the surgical instruction, there is not equivalent of this form of physical interaction between the mentor and trainee in open surgical procedures in telementoring systems. Even that the trend is to perform more minimally invasive surgery (MIS), trauma surgeries are still necessary, where initial resuscitation and stabilization of the patient in a timely manner is crucial. This paper presents a preliminary study conducted at the Indiana University Medical School and Purdue University, where initial lexicons of surgical instructive gestures (SIGs) were determined through systematic observation when mentor and trainee operate together. The paper concludes with potential ways to convey gestural information through surgical robots.

Este artículo discute los desafíos e innovaciones relacionadas al uso de sistemas de tutoría en telecirugía (telementoring). La mayoría de los sistemas presentados se basan en tres tipos de canales de interacción: auditivo, visual y físico. El canal auditivo permite al instructor instruir verbalmente al alumno, y a este último hacer preguntas. El canal visual es usado para transmitir al alumno anotaciones, alertas y otro tipo de mensajes gráficos durante la cirugía. Estas representaciones visuales aparecen en un marcador de vídeo (telestrator). El canal físico ha sido usado en cirugías laparoscópicas por medio de retroalimentador de fuerza (forcefeedback). Mientras que en la instrucción cara a cara, el instructor hace gestos para transmitir ciertos aspectos de la instrucción quirúrgica, esta forma de interacción no tiene un equivalente en la interacción entre instructor y alumno en sistemas de telementoring. Si bien la tendencia es conducir procedimientos mínimamente invasivos (MIS) con estos sistemas, se deben tener en cuenta cirugías de trauma, todavía necesarias, especialmente donde la resucitación inicial y estabilización del paciente es un tema crítico y urgente. Este artículo presenta un estudio preliminar conducido en la Escuela de Medicina de Indiana (EE.UU.) y en la Universidad Purdue, donde el vocabulario de gestos (lexicons) usados en instrucción quirúrgica (SIGs) se determinaron por medio de observaciones sistemáticas mientras el instructor y el alumno operaban juntos. Se concluye discutiendo maneras alternativas de presentar esta información de gestos por medio de robots quirúrgicos.

Design and implementation of controlling smart car systems using P300 brain-computer interface / 生物医学工程学杂志

Using human electroencephalogram (EEG) to control external devices in order to achieve a variety of functions has been focus of the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) research. P300 is experiments which stimulate the eye to produce EEG by using letters flashing, and then identify the corresponding letters. In this paper, some improvements based on the P300 experiments were made??. Firstly, the matrix of flashing letters were modified into words which represent a certain sense. Secondly, the BCI2000 procedures were added with the corresponding source code. Thirdly, the smart car systems were designed using the radiofrequency signal. Finally it was realized that the evoked potentials were used to control the state of the smart car.

Occupational injury at Gangsaw machine A rare occurrence.

Since last few decades, occupational injuries have been a major cause of morbidity and mortality among people working in factories, especially those working with unprotected rotating machines. Women are specifically prone to such injuries because of their long unprotected hairs being trapped in moving parts of the machines. Long hairs can get entangled in moving machinery resulting in complete or partial avulsion of scalp. A large scalp avulsion injury may lead to severe bleeding and may cause trauma to forehead, eyebrows and per auricular tissue, which may further bring fatal results aesthetically and functionally. Severe deformities as a result of this trauma may lead to severe psychological trauma, disabling the patient to lead a normal social life. Here, we are presenting a case report of a patient who had an occupational injury causing scalp avulsion with cervical spine injury at gang saw machine.

A importância da engenharia da usabilidade para a segurança de sistemas informatizados em saúde / The importance of usability engineering for the security of information systems in health / La importancia de la Ingeniería de la Usabilidad para la Seguridad de los Sistemas de Información en Salud

Objetivos: É salientar a contribuição da engenharia da usabilidade para a segurança de um sistema informatizado em saúde. Métodos: Pesquisa constituída de livros, artigos e materiais disponibilizados na Internet. São poucas as pesquisas em desenvolvimento de sistemas seguros e menos ainda, focados à engenharia da usabilidade, a qual é comumente vista como aliada apenas à engenharia de software. É preciso mudar esta visão. Resultados: São apresentados exemplos de falhas de segurança por falta de usabilidade, assim como tópicos da usabilidade relacionados à segurança da informação. Conclusão: Esse artigo contribui para o desenvolvimento e a operação de um sistema de informação em saúde funcional e seguro.

Objectives: Of this paper is to highlight the contribution of usability engineering for the security of a system computerized in health. Methods: Was used, consisting of books, articles and materials available on the Internet. There is little research in developing secure systems and even less focused on usability engineering, which is commonly seen as an ally only to software engineering. It is necessary to change this view. Results: This paper provides examples of security flaws due to lack of usability, as well as topics of usability related to information security. Conclusion: Thus, this paper contributes to the development and operation of a system computerized in health functional and secure.

Objetivos: Trabajo es poner de relieve la contribución de la ingeniería de usabilidad para la seguridad de la salud informatizados. Métodos: Utilizó de la investigación basada en libros, artículos y materiales disponibles en Internet. No hay mucha investigación en el desarrollo de sistemas seguros y menos centrada en la ingeniería de usabilidad, que es comúnmente vista como una aliada único para la ingeniería de software. Es necesario cambiar este punto de vista. Resultados: Son ejemplos de fallos de seguridad debido a la falta de usabilidad, así como temas relacionados con la usabilidad de seguridad de la información. Conclusión: Por lo tanto, este trabajo contribuye al desarrollo y operación de un sistema de información de salud funcional y seguro.

Future developments in brain-machine interface research

Neuroprosthetic devices based on brain-machine interface technology hold promise for the restoration of body mobility in patients suffering from devastating motor deficits caused by brain injury, neurologic diseases and limb loss. During the last decade, considerable progress has been achieved in this multidisciplinary research, mainly in the brain-machine interface that enacts upper-limb functionality. However, a considerable number of problems need to be resolved before fully functional limb neuroprostheses can be built. To move towards developing neuroprosthetic devices for humans, brain-machine interface research has to address a number of issues related to improving the quality of neuronal recordings, achieving stable, long-term performance, and extending the brain-machine interface approach to a broad range of motor and sensory functions. Here, we review the future steps that are part of the strategic plan of the Duke University Center for Neuroengineering, and its partners, the Brazilian National Institute of Brain-Machine Interfaces and the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Center for Neuroprosthetics, to bring this new technology to clinical fruition.

A design of simple ventilator control system based on LabVIEW / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper designed a ventilator control system to control proportional valves and motors. It used LabVIEW to control the object mentioned above and design ,validate, evaluate arithmetic, and establish hardware in loop platform. There are two system' s hierarchies. The high layer was used to run non-real time program and the low layer was used to run real time program. The two layers communicated through TCP/IP net. The program can be divided into several modules, which can be expanded and maintained easily. And the harvest in the prototype designing can be seamlessly used to embedded products. From all above, this system was useful in employing OEM products.

The testing system for OCP of the digital X-ray machine / 中国医疗器械杂志

In this paper, we designed a testing system for operator control panel of a high-voltage and high-frequency X-ray machine, and an online testing software for functional components, in order to help the testing engineers to improve their work efficiency.

Development of practicality of EEG-based brain-computer interface / 生物医学工程学杂志

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that can create direct connection between brain activity and external devices. In the past 20 years, important' achievements of research on BCI have been made. Now there are lots of research methods based on electroencephalic signals, and researchers are trying to make the BCI system possess the characteristics of real-time and become more natural and practical. This paper presents an overview of real-time and stimulating way to EEG-based BCI research. Through the discussions on the applications of DSP in BCI system, in signal preprocessing and in algorithm optimization, the high lights in real-time research are pointed out. In the discussions about the way to produce EEG signals in BCI, the researchers suggested that the imaging movement be the most ideal way in that it will reduce the discomfort in stimulation by application of the virtual reality technology in BCI system, thus it will be conducive to improvement in the performance of BCI system.

Design and development of a massaging machine for the lumbar vertebrae diseases / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper introduces the designing process of a massaging machine on the basis of Pro/Engineer. The machine has realized the virtual design and movement simulation for the product. It's computer-controlled system has greatly improved the automatic level of the massaging machine which has broad prospects for popularization and application.

Off-line experiments and analysis of independent brain--computer interface / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to study event-related desynchronization (ERD) related to voluntary movement, we designed two experiments. In the first experiment, untrained subjects were required to imagine the action of typing with left or right index finger for about 1 second before real action, whereas they were required to type instantly after instruction in the second experiment. By analyzing spontaneous EEG signals between the instruction and the action, we predicted which finger was used. The prediction accuracy in the first experiment fell from 85% to 71% with the progress of experiment, the average accuracy being 78%, whereas the prediction result was almost random guess in the second experiment. The results demonstrate that (1) ERD patterns are significantly affected by the effective duration of motion imagination, (2) unconscious reduction of this duration can decrease the prediction accuracy. Therefore, when designing subsequent BCI experiments, we should devote our attention to the question of how to keep the effective duration of motion imagination.

Re-significações do humano no contexto da ciborguização: um olhar sobre as relações humano-máquina na terapia intensiva / Re-signification of the human in the context of the ciborgzation: a look at

Discutem-se relações humano-máquina do processo denominado 'ciborguização da enfermeira' na terapia intensiva, com base nos Estudos Culturais pós-estruturalistas, destacando-se o conceito de ciborgue de Haraway. Examinam-se, como textos culturais, manuais utilizados pela enfermagem nas UTI. Esta análise cultural procura tensionar sentidos de 'humano e máquina', com o objetivo de reconhecer processos que instituem enfermeiras como ciborgues. Argumenta-se que enfermeiras intensivistas são inseridas em um processo de corporificação de tecnologia que transforma o corpo-profissional em um híbrido que permite desqualificar, concomitantemente, noções como máquina e corpo 'em si já que é a hibridização entre 'um e outro' que conta, ali. Como ciborgues, enfermeiras intensivistas aprendem a 'estar com' a máquina e essa conexão delimita a especificidade de suas ações. Sugere-se que processos de ciborguização como esse são produtivos para questionar - e lidar de outros modos com - os sentidos de 'humano' e 'humanidade' que sustentam grande parte do saber/fazer em saúde.

Tecnologia e subjetivação: a questão da agência / Technology and subjectivity: the agency problem

As críticas ao sujeito da interioridade e às filosofias da consciência, que reputam a um indivíduo unificado e coerente a fonte de ação, têm atribuído a uma outra grande agência unificada a origem de toda ação. A linguagem, os discursos, a sociedade, a cultura, a história substituem o lugar do sujeito como agência. No entanto, continuam sendo instâncias purificadas às quais atribui-se o privilégio da ação. Abandona-se o sujeito, mas há uma continuidade idealista na qual a agência só pode estar no campo dos humanos-entre-eles. É contra essa atribuição da agência apenas aos humanos-entre-eles que está estruturado este texto, defendendo os híbridos, os coletivos sócio-técnicos e as máquinas. Este trabalho irá explorar conceitos de Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Bruno Latour e Pierre Lévy, articulando-os para a abordagem de uma concepção de subjetivação que escape da agência reputada unicamente aos humanos-entre-eles.

Homens, máquinas e sentimento do medo / People, machines and feelings of fear

As novas tecnologias produzem transformações complexas na sociedade e nos vínculos que os homens estabelecem com as máquinas, caracterizados pelo fascínio e pelo medo. Neste trabalho discutimos a inserção dos instrumentos tecnológicos no cenário social e analisamos os sentidos assumidos pelas máquinas para os usuários que relatam medo e dificuldade nesse contato. A experiência estabelecida pelo homem com os instrumentos envolve um trabalho psíquico marcado por gratificações e frustrações e demanda a suportabilidade do usuário para com as peculiaridades dessa relação